Musical pipe instrument.



N. SCHILZONYL MUSICAI. PIPE INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED APR. I6. 1913.

1,169,358. Patented Jan. 25, IIN@ 3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

N. SCHLZONYI.

MUSICAL PIPE INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED APR. te. 1913.

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

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N. SCHILZONYI.

MUSICAL PIPE INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION HLED APR. 16. 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented; Jan. 25, 19H3.

rangements.

NIKLAS SGIHLZONYI, FWHITTI'R, CALFQRNIA.

Musical. rien ms'rnuirnu'r.

l Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

Application filed April 16, 1913. Serial No. '761,6t.

To all whom it may concern Be it -known that l, NiiiLAs ScniLzoiiY-i,A acitizen ot the United States, residing at Whittier, in the county of LosAngeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful MusicalPipe Instrument, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to moutlrblown musical pipe instruments and maybe -embodied in instruments having a single reed for each. mouth, thusresembling instruments of the clarinet family, that is to say,clarinets, saxophones and the like; and may also be embodied ininstruments having a plurality otreedsfor each mouth as is the case withdouble reed instruments such as oboes, bassoons and the like. and it mayalso be einbodied iii instruments of the tlageolet family. The inventionis pioneer in that l provide a inusicaliiiouth. blown pipe instrumentwhich is capable of being played by one person usingboth hands and whichwill produce two sounds at the saine; tiiiie and in whichthe sounds ofsimultaneously played notes'may ditter in color, in rangev and 'in tonequality, and may be played inlany in-y terval of the full chromaticscale of two or more octaves, as the intervals of seconds,

AAn object is to give a richer color effect by a single player than washeretofore possible and to increase the orchestral effect forms and withvarious numbers of ventsl and arrangements ot keys and it is notl deemednecessary to show and specifically describe each of the various formsand ar.

The invention involves various basic and original features among whichmay be particularly mentioned, 'the arrangement in e reed instrumentl'of `vents and keys whereby the full chromatic scale of two or moreoctaves can be 'executed on one tube by one h'and of the player, andwhereby said full chromatic scale of two Ior more octaves can be playedthroughoutwith either single or double notes at the will of the playerblowing through the single mouthpiece'and the Another basic feature. isthe construction whereby two full chromatic scales can be played on thesaine instrument at the same time, thus introducing the wind instrumentabove referred to, into a. wider field of solo performance and enablingthe soloist on a mouth played pipe instrument to produce double tonedeffects after the manner of violins and other string instruments.

A further basic feature of the invention is the combination in a singlemouth blown pipe instrument, of a cylindrical and a taper tube thus'simultaneously giving Vthe color effects of instruments correspondingrespectively to the clarinet and the saxophone.

lt is to be assumed in reading the accompanying drawings that the vents.are only approximately placed; it being left to the skill of themanufacturer to time the instrument by properly arranging the ventsalong. and proportioning them to the bore and to y each other; the Asharp Vents being ot' the thirds, fourths,etc., at the willlof theplayer. l u

vusual reduced size so 'as to serve as the octave vents.

The accompanying drawings illustrate theinveiition in four forms ofinstrumentl known respectively asthe duonett, the'du phone, the saxonettandthe clariphone; all being of the clarinet family. f*

Figure' 1 is a fragmental or top view of a -duonettconstructed,naccordance with this invention. i Fig. 2 is a back orbottom view of the duoiiett shown in Fig. l, the reeds and their bandbeing broken to expose the reed seats andthe mouthser wind holes iii thephone shown in Fig?.- 3. Fig. 5 is an en-` r larged cross-sectiononlinek Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a front view of a saxonett.` Fig. l is a frontview of a clariphone. Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmental view illustratingin part the linger-piece arrangement of the right pipe of the duonett.Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmental view illustrating in Apart thefinger-piece arrangement of the left pipe 'of the duonett. Fig. l0 is anelevationot the group of overlapping iinger-pieces'shown in playing withthe fingers of one or both notes.

Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail to illustrate the extensible keys.

The views are more or less of a diagram-r matic character.

A andAdi for the right tube and Referring first to the instrument shownin Figs. l and 2, the soundproducing means comprises a mouth-piece 50provided with two reed-covered mouths or wind holes 51, 51 communicatingrespectively with the flues 52, 52 that terminate in sockets 53, 53 thatreceive the reduced ends 54, 54 of the right and left pipes or tubes 55,55 that are held together and spaced apart by the bands 56, 57. Themouth-.piece 50 constituting means for introducing air to both tubes-is.provided between the mouths 5l, 51 with a rib 58 on opposite sides ofwhich are mounted the reeds 59, 59 that rest on flat seats 60, 60 atopposite sides of said rib 58. The reeds are fastened to the mouth-pieceby the reed band 61 in the usual manne-r of securing reeds to clarinetmouth-pieces. The mouth-piece in the present instance is one solid pieceand the portion between the mouths 51 and 51 is so formed that the windcannot escape therebetween. The rib 158 positioned between said mouthsfurther "prevents escape of wind between said mouths and between thereeds 59 and 59 whereby the reeds will be properly vibrated. The fines52, .52 in the mouth piece diverge from the mouths 51, 51 andcommunicate with the voicing pipe channels or bores G2, 62 respectivelyin register therewith, so that when the reduced ends 54, 511 of' thetubes are inserted into the sockets, the adjacent sides of said tubeswill be parallel with each other, thus bringing the instrument into acompact and convenient form. The bell ends of the tubes may be providedwith spigots 63, G3 for two bells not shown, or for one bell 64 which isprovided with two sockets 65, 65, to receive said spigots'` or tube'ends63, 63',

Each of the tubes is provided with the usual finger and key holes orvents to determine the speaking lengths of the tubes, and said vents aremarked in the drawings with the characters E, Fit, F, Gat?, G, Aatt, A,B, C, Cit, D, D#, E', F, Ft, G', Citt',

a:#:, b', 0 cil", representing full chromaticn scales of the lowerregister; said charactersn bein connected with leaders pointing towarsaid vents; the characters for the second octave of each tube beingdistinguished by an index. The vents are digitally controlleddirectlyorby keys. While the instrumentv is at rest, as on the table orWhile not being manipulated by the hand, some of the vents are normallyopen and others are normally closed. Thenormally-closed Vents and theirkeys are indicated by black dots and the normally open vents and theirkeys are vipdicated by circles. For playing the upper`'egister of saidscales `the octave keys Ait and ait are kept open by the thumb while thescales are played by the fingers.

are sounded and are also held open while A,

the higher scales are being played by over blowing.

The construction of thekeys is indicated in a diagrammatic manner, andit is understood that they may be extensible for adjustment to long orshort fingers, and that the normally-closed vents are opened by pressureof the fingers or thumbs, as the case may be, upon the fingerpieces ofthe keys that control such vents, while the normally open vents areclosed by pressure upon the keys controlling such vents, or by digitsapplied directly ^to the vents.

The finger pieces of' thc right keys (5, 8, 11 and 13 for Cai, Dit, F#and Gil: are grouped together and finger-piece 8 overlaps linger piece6;, finger piece 11 overlaps finger piece 8, and finger piece 13overlaps finger piece 11; so that when 13 is pressed down by the firstfinger of the right hand, vents Cdr, .Dz/i, F# and G# are all open, thusgiving the note G sharp, and may be successively closed to sound Fsharp, D sharp and C sharp, by simply shifting the first finger from 13to 11, 11 t o 8, S to and then ofl" of 6. The same is the case with thegrouped keys 7, 9, 10, 12,514 which overlap in the order named and areoperated by the first finger' to open their normally closed vents.

The keys 5, 4, 3, 2 and l are also grouped together and are overlappedin the order named and their normally open vents may all be elo-ted bypressing down key 1" by the fourth inger of the left hand, thus openingvent z a id giving the note G; then by shifting the fourth finger tofinger piece 2, 3., 4 and 5 successively the vents git, a, a# and Z) areopened to give the notes G sharp, A, A sharp and B. Then releasing key5" gives C.

The rib` 58 between the reeds enables the player to adjust his lip tothe reeds discriminatingly so as to [apply the air appropriately to thereed coverings of the separate mouths independently of each other; thusgiving a wide field in which to exercise the skill of the player ineither the clarinet type, or the bassoon type of instrument.

The right tube 55 is played with the right hand only, and the left tube55 with the left hand only. In the right tube the lower section haseight vents E, Fit, F, Git, Gr,

Ajit, A and B, and the upper section ten vents lirstsecond and thirdfingers sounded when the fingersand thumb of the right hand are not inaction, and the open vent B determining the note.

. Still referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be noted that the live ventsB, A, G, F and E on the right tube 55 are normally open and all theother vents on the right tube are normally closed; and it will beunderstood that in order to give the lowest note of said tube 55, allthe vents of said tubemust be closed; and said normally open ventstherefore, are closed by pressing the thumb on the linger-piece l, thefourth finger on the finger-piece 2 of the F key, and the other threelingers of lthe right hand on the normally open vents B, A, G. Whileblowing the instrument the right thumb being on the key at the back ofthe right tube, and the on the front vents B, A and G `and the fourthfinger on the key l, thus closing the front vent F, the vents of theentire tube are closed and said lowest note E of the right tube will besounded; leaving the four lingers down gives F natural; then pressingthe thumb on the next key 3, atsthe back of the instrument gives Fsharp; releasing the same key with the 'thumb and fourth fingertogether, gives natural; then pressing key 4 with the fourth lingergives Gr sharp; then releasing the third and fourth linger gives Anatural; then pressing down key 5 with the third finger gives A sharp;then releasing the second-and third linger gives B natural and thenreleasing the` lirst linger gives C natural. linger will operate keys 6,7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 for the following notes respectively Csharp, D, D sharp, E, F, F sharp, G, G sharp and A. Key 15 on the backof the right tube may then also be Yopened by pressing the right thumbthereon, thus adding the note A sharp; then releasing the other keys andcovering the entire lower section of the instrument while vent Agi isopen, gives the noteB, and then opening the lowest key 1 with the thumbgives C;

pressing the key 3 on the. back with the thumb gives C sharp; releasingthe thumb and the fourth finger gives D; pressing the key 4. by thefourth linger gives D sharp; releasing the third and fourth lingergivesE; pressing key 5 with theathird F; releasing the second and thirdfinger gives F sharp; and releasing the first 4linger gives G. `Fromhere up the first linger will be usedlas before for G sharp, A, A sharp,

B, C, C sharp, D, D sharp E ofthe upper octave. The left tube 55 isoperated entirely .with the Aleft-hand, the lower section thereof havinglive normally open vents g,

gqgt, a, a# and b operated by keys l, 2", 3 el and 5t Closing vent g inthe back with the'left thumb and the vents e, d and c then releasing thethumb andthe second linger From the note C upward the lirst fingering asabovedescribed.

linger gives at the front of the instrument with the first,

second and third-fingers as indicated by 'the' key to key and finallyreleasing the fourth finger thus giving the notes from G sharp to Cnatural.

be played by" i and 5 suci During this the third, second and firstfingers continue to close the vents o, al, c, respectively, and thethumb closes vent g. rNow pressing key G with the lfourth linger givesthenote C sharp; then vents C and C# gives the note D; then pressing key7 D` sharp; releasing the second and third lingers from vents al and d#gives E. Releasing first linger from vent c and pressing the secondfinger sharp; then releasing the thumb from vent g gives the note G;finger on the side key 8 gives Cr sharp; then pressing the lirst lingeron the next key releasing the third and fourth fingers from with thethird linge'rgives Y;

gives the note F; releasing `r from its vent gives F then pressing thefirst y 9 gives A, then pressing the thumb on the j 'i' key 10 thuskeeping 9 and 10"' open gives eef Aft; then shifting the thumb up andthusr :E

also pressing key 11 gives B; then still4 Y vpressing keys 1, 10 and 11and thusA keeping the vents a', a# and b open pressing tle'finger on key12 gives C; then rocking the nger sidewise releasing 9 and 12 andpressing key 13 thus opening the ventsv gjq, @#in addition to vents Csharp. The key 11 and the key 13 overlaps key 9" i of keys 12, 13 and 11are pressed down, the vents a', c', grit, cit, open. N ow releasing allkey 10, which serves as scale from C sharp overlaps the key 10 overlapsS, and key 12 the octave key, the up` can be Now referring to Figs. 3and 4 in which the duophone is illustrated, it will be noted so thatwhen either or all roo ait and b will be the keys excepting j played byindicate the lower i played on, the instrument, the rst run belng madewhile keepingI the-octave vents is played by oveblowmg th-same. as de.`

12b 16, 17 closed, and the second run being made 4while pressing eitheror scribed in playing the duonett. The bore 20 of the duophone pipes aretapered after the manner o1 the bores in saxophones and likeinstruments. The vents B, C, D, E, and F# ot' the right pipe and thevents d, dit, c, f', Hi, g, a and b of the left tube are all normallyopen, while the vents Cit, Dit, F, (11:11:, A, A.:#:, B, C', Cit', D and1G of the right pipe, and the vents ggli, d, dit and 17 of the leftpipe, are all no1'- mally closed. The keys 21 for vents Cit, 22 for Dit,:'23 for F, 21 for Git, 25 for A, 2G for Agi, 27 for B, 28 for C, 29 forCit', and 30 for D are all arranged to open the normally closed vents`when the keys are pressed; and the keys fointhe normally open vents areas follows: 31 for vent B, and 32 for vent C. The keys 18, 21 and 31 aregrouped at theback of the right pipe to be played by the right thumb.All the other keys of the right pipe are at the front side thereof. Thekeys 24, 2G, and Q9 are `grouped together and overlapped in the ordernamed and are played with the first finger of the right hand, while keys25, 27, 2S and 30 are grouped together and are overlapped in the ordernamed and are also played with said first finger of the right hand. (')nthe left pipe all the keys except the octave key 19 are upon the frontside of the pipe, the key 33 for vent (I, 34 for Z#, 35 for c, Miter f,and 3T for f# are grouped aud overlapped and are played by the fourthlinger of the lei't hand for closing the no1'- mally open vents in theorder named. Key B8 for opening vent o# is also played by the fourthfinger of' the left hand. Key 39` for vent a# is played with the thirdfinger of the left hand. Keys 10 and' 41 for vents fl and (1 -1.1: areboth played with the first finger of the let't hand. The normally openvents (y, a, 72,01 the left duophone pipe are closcddiy the third,second and first fingers of the.` leit hand respectively. now to thesaxonel't shown in Fig. G, the right tube (36 is constructed the same asthe right tube (i6 of the duophone shown in Figs. 3V and 1, while theleit tube 55 corresponds to the lei't tube 55 shown in Figs. 1 and 2.The vents and keys therefor correspond to those of the tubes describedwith relation to Figs. 1. 2, 3 and 4. in the clariphone shown in Fig. 7,the right tube is the same as the right tube of the( duophone shown inFigs. 1 and 2. while the left tube GG of the clariphone is the same asthe leit tube 66 of the, duophone shown in Figs. 3 and 4. `Separatetubes shown in Figs. 6 and 7 are played in the same manner as thecorresponding tubes of the duonett and the duophone.

The parts upon which the fingers press Jfor controlling the variousvents are located so close together in the saxonett` Fig. '(3, and inthe elariphone, Fig. 7, that all the notes Referring' of the right tube,including a. full chromatic scale ot' more than one octave, can beplayed by the right hand alone, and all the notes of 4the left tube,including a full chromatic scale of' more than one octave can` be playedby the left hand alone. The term fingers herein is intended to includethe thumbs as well as the other digital members of the players hands. Ihave, therefore, provided a pipe having the parts, as the rims of thevents. or the finger pieces of the keys, upon which the fingers pressfor controlling the vents, located near together so that the vents ofeach tube or pipe can be controlled by the one hand devoted toplayingtltat particular tube or pipe. These finger-pressed parts,inclluling'the vent rims and the finger pieces of the keys, aredesignated by characterp` as follows: In Fig. 6 the parts upon which thefingers press for controlling the ventsfor producing the different notesare: for B, the character 70; for C, 71; Cit, 72:1),73; D#,74;YE 75:F:#:, 76; G:#:, 77; A, 78; Agi, 79; B', 80; C', 81: C# si; .(1. Si;011,85; @86; de. SY; 8f); c. 90; (I, 91: dit, 92; c, 93; 91; g#:',` 95;(1.', 9G; 041:', 97; o, 98; c, 05); c:#:. 100; and for the octave key16, 101. In' Fig. 7

the parts upon which the fingers press forl controlling the ventsrespectively for producing the different notes are z--for the note E',the character 102; for F, 103; Fit, 104;.; G, 105; (he, 105'; ogs, ma,D. 11o; Die, 111; E', 112; F', 11a; me, 111; G', 115; G11', 116; A',117.; Ait. 118; a'. 110; (Iit,120;e,12.1;f, 122; fai, 1231g, 124;!1441,125; a., 126; ait, 12T; 7;, 1:28; (I. 1:29; (Hi, 130; and for the octavekey 16. 131.

It is understood that the different parts of the instrument may be madeof any appropriate materials, as for instance, the cylindrical tubes 55and 55 are shown as being iliade of wood, fiber, or any compositionmaterial; while the tapering tubes are shown as being made otinetal,-but it is un;

v 82; Da'. b, 88; Cali,

A, 106; .141, 107; B, 10s;l

derstood that the constructor may use such materials as he may deemadvisable to produce the required tone qualities.

In Fig. 11 the extensible keys 6 and 7 indicate such amai-rangement forany or all of the keys employed, no attempt having been made 'in theother views to show the extensible finger pieces, `the object being tomake provision whereby the samcinstrument may bc adjusted for use byplayers having longer or shorter fingers.

Attention is particularly directed to the fact that this inventionbroadly includes a mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising twotubes each having a wind-receiving mouth independent of the other andalso having vents for a full chromatic scale; and keys for normallyretaining certain of the vents closed, said keys and vents being sopositioned and grouped on the tube rela- 'can be simultaneously openedby vsuchhand .and can be controlled successively or 1n groups by suchhand.

Having pointed out the broad feature of novelty, I do not wish to belimited to any speciic construction or arrangement of the.

vents and keys; for the positions of the vents along the tubes aredetermined by the laws of acoustics and it is possible that thoseskilled in the art may change the grouping of the keys without departingfrom the broad spirit of this inyention.`

It is observed that in either tube the rims as at 90 and 108 of thedigitally controlled vents constitute parts upon which the fingers pressfor controlling tliedigitally controlled vents c and B, respectively;1and, likewise, the finger pieces for the key-controlled vents constituteparts as at 112, 113,115, 117 upon which the lingers press vforcontrolling such.y

key-controlled vents,'and that the parts pro- A vided on or in the pipeto receive the pressure of ythe lingers for controlling all the 'ventsof 'such tube, whether key-closed or finger-closed, are located withinthe reach of the one hand that is used on such tube to play'the full`chromatic scale thereof of two or more octaves.

The finger-pieces for controlling the. vents lfor notes G, A, d and e inFig. 1; d, c, in

Fig. 6 and G, A, in vvFig. 7 are ringiingerpieces and said vents aredigitally .closed in the, usual *manner well understood, in the ordinaryplaying of the instrument. ,'t', Fig. C is playedby releasing ring e andclosing d. c, Fig.v 7, is played by releasing b and closing a.\

l claim:

v1Q 'A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two tubes eachhaving normally 'open and-normally closed vents for a full chromaticscale of two or more octaves, said pipe being provided with parts uponwhich the fingers press for controlling the vents; such finger-receivingparts for the normally open-.vents being located so close together thatall the normally open ventsot' the same tube can be simultaneouslyclosed by the one hand for which such tube is fitted, and such parts forthe normally closed vents being grouped together so that said normallyclosed vents of such tube can be successively opened by shifting thelinger of the hand while said normally open vents are closed by suchhand.

2. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two tubes eachhaving normally open and normally closed vents for a full chromaticscale of two or more octaves, said pipe being provided with parts uponwhich the fingers press for controlling the vents; such parts for thenormally open vents being located close together so that one hand. cansimultaneously close all the normally open vents of one tube, and suchparts for the normally closedv ycnts being locatetlv close together andcomprising keys having iin'ger pieces that are overlapped so thenormally closed vvents can be ysuccessively played by shifting thefinger of one hand over the finger pieces of such keys sucessively.

3. In a mouth-blown musical pipe instrument, two tubes each providedwith vents and ke s arranged to play a full chromatic scale o two ormore octaves and to be played by one hand; a single mouth-piece fit/,tedto said tubes and provided with two mouths;

reeds for said mouths, and a rib between the reeds of said mouths toprevent escape of Wind, so that said reeds may be properly vibrated. i

4.* A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tube havingnormally openv and normally closed vents arranged to produce a fullchromatic scale of more than one octave so positioned and arranged andprovided with keys substantially as set forth that all oit' the normallyopen vents can be simultaneously closedby one hand and the normallyclosed vents can be successively opened by the fingers of the same hand.

5. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tube havingnormally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a fullchromatic scale of more Athan one octave so positioned and arranged andprovided with keys that all the normally open vents can besimultaneously closed by one hand and the normally closed vents can besuccessively opened by said hand; some of the keys being groupedi andoverlapped for successive playing by shifting the fingers substantiallyas set forth.

6. A mouth blown musical pipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube, acylindrical bore tube, and a mouth piece to introduce air simultaneouslyinto both of said tubes from the players mouth; both said tubes beingprovided with vents and keys to produce any-two notes 'ot' two musicalscales simultaneously.

7. A mouth blown musical pipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube, acylindrical bore tube.l and a mouth piece to introduce airsimultaneously into both of said tubes from the players mouth; both ot'said tubes being provided with vents and keys to produce two notes oftwo chromatic scales simultaneously.

8. Av mouth blown musical pipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube,a cylindrical bore tube, and a single mouth piece having two mouths andfitted to said tubes.; said tubes being provided with vents and .vents;the finger pieces keys for sounding any two notes of two chromaticscales simultaneously.

9. A musical reed instrument comprising two pipes and a mouth pieceforsaid pipes; said mouth piece being provided with two mouths; andreeds fixed to the outside of said mouths,` the portion between saidmouths being formed to prevent passage of wind therebetween.

10. A musical reed instrument comprising two pipes each provided withvents and keys for a full chromatic scale of two or more octaves, thevents of each pipe being arranged to be played by one hand, and a singlemouth piece having two `fmouths and reeds therefor and also having twochannels communicating between said mouths and the bores of the twopipes respectively, the portions between said mouths being formed toprevent the passage of wind therebetween.

11. A musical reed instrument comprising two pipes and a mouth piece forsaid pipes; said mouth piece being provided with two mouths; reeds fixedto the outside of said mouths, and a rib between the reeds to preventthe passage of wind between said reeds.

12. A musical reed instrument comprising a clarinet-mouthpiece havingtwo openings and two pipes connected to the two openings respectively ofs'aid mouth-piece, the portion between said openings being formed toprevent the passage of wind between said two openings.

13. A musical mouthblown instrumen having two tubes each provided withvents and keys, and adapted to be simultaneously played by theperformers hands to produce any two notes of a chromatic scalesimultaneously independent of one another; said tubes having acylindrical and a tapering bore respectively.

14. A mouthblown musical pipe instru-` ment comprising a tube havingnormallyy open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a fullchromatic scale of more than one octave; said pipe also having partsupon which the fingers press for controlling said vents; the parts uponwhich the fingers press for controlling the' normally open vents beinglocatedV so close together that such vents can be simultaneously closedby one hand; and keys for the normally closed for said keys beinggrouped together so that the normally closed vents can be successivelyopened by the fingers of the same hand.

15. A mouth-blown musical pipe' instrument comprising a tube havingnormally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a chromaticscale of more than one octave; the said pipe also having parts uponwhich the lingers press" for controlling the vents; such parts for thenormally open vents being located so close together that the normallyopen vents can be simultaneously closed by one hand; and keys for thenormally closed vents; the finger pieces for said keys being groupedtogether and overlapped so that the normally closed vents can besimultaneously opened by said one hand.

1G. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tube havingnormally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a chromaticscale of more than one octave; said pipe also having parts upon whichthe fingers press for controlling the vents; such parts for thenorm-ally open vents being located close together so that the normallyopen vents can be gq) simultaneously closed by one hand; and keys forthe normally closed vents having nger pieces grouped together, andoverlapped so that they can be successively played by shifting onefinger of said one hand.

17. A mouthblown musical pipe inst'rument comprising two tubes, ventsfor said tubes capable of producing two chromatic scales of more thanone full octave simultaneously, two sets of keys independent of oneanother, one set for each tube; the set for one tube normally closingthe vents of the upper section of such tube, vents of the lower sectionof such tube being digitally closed. t

18. A mouth-blown musical Apipe instrument comprising a taper bore tubehaving normally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce afull chromatic scale of 10U more than one octave; said pipe also havingparts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; the partsfor the normally vopen vents being located so close together that saidnormally open vents can be simul- 10;u taneously closed by one hand, andkeys for the normally closed vents having nger pieces grouped togetherand overlapped so that they can be successively played by one finger ofsaid one hand. y

19. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two`tubes eachhaving normally open and normally closed vents for a full chromaticscale of more than one octave; said pipe also having parts upon whichthe fingers press forcontrolling the vents; the parts upon which thefingers press for controlling the normally open lvents being located soclose together that all the normally open vents can be simultaneouslyclosed by 12o one l1and the normally closed vents ot the upper sectionof the right hand tube and vents ot' the lower section of the left handtube being provided with keys, the finger pieces of said keys beinggrouped together so that said normally closed vents can be successivelyopened by one finger of said one hand, said tubes having a cylindricaland a tapering bore respectively.

20. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tapering boretube having normally open and normally closed vents arranged to producea full chromatic scale of more than one octave, said pipe also havingparts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; the partsupon which the fingers press for controlling the normally open vents being located so close together that said normally open vents can besimultaneously closed by onehand; and keys for the normally closedvents; lthe finger pieces of said keys being grouped together andoverlapped so they can be simultaneously opened by said one hand. f

21. A mouthblown musical pipe instrumentJ comprising tivo tubes eachhaving digitally-controlled vents and l'ey-controlled vents for a fullchromatic sc le of two or more oetaves, some of said vents beingnormally open and others normally closed, the

digitally-controlled vents and thekeys of the key-controlled ventsoff/each tube being located together for operation by one hand so thatall the normally open vents of either tube can be simultaneously closedby one rand and the normally closed vents ofthe same tube can besuccessively opened by said one hand.

22. A mouthblown musical pipe instrument having two tubes, each havingdigitally-controlled vents and key-controlled vents including normallyopen and normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale of vents andthe keys of the key-controlled two or more octaves, the digitally closedhand; some of the keys being grouped and overlapped for successiveplaying by one finger substantially as set forth.

23. A mouthblown musical pipe instrunient comprising a tube .havingdigitallycontrolled vents` and key-controlled vents for a full chromaticscale of more than one octave, some of said vents being normally openand others normally closed, the d1g1tally-controlled vents and thefinger pieces for the key-controlled vents being located t0- gether foroperation by one hand so that all the normally open vents of a fullchromatic scale of more than one octave can be simultaneously closed byone hand and the normally closed vents can be successively opened bysaid one hand.

24. A mouthbloivn musical pipe instrument having a tube, said 'tubehaving digitally-controlled vents and key-controlled vents includingnormally open and normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale ofmore than one octave7 the digitally-c osed vents and the finger piecesof thekey-controlled vents being located together within the range ofthe fingers of one hand so Athat all the normally open vents can besimultaneously closed by one hand and the nor-v -mally closed vents canbe` successively opened by said hand; some of: the keys being groupedand overlapped for successive playing by shifting the/fingersubstantially,asset forth. l y

In testimon ivhereof, I have hereunto set my hand at os Angeles,California, this 10th day of April, 1913.

fr( NIKLAS SCI-IILZONYI.

